Electronic contract manufacturing

 What are the performance characteristics of optocouplers? What are some tips for using it?

Optocoupler is an electrical to optical to electrical converter device that uses light as a medium to transmit electrical signals. It consists of two parts: a light source and a light receiver. Assemble the light source and receiver in the same sealed shell, and isolate them with transparent insulators. The pin of the luminous source is the input terminal, and the pin of the receiver is the output terminal. Common luminous sources are light-emitting diodes, and the receiver is a photosensitive diode, a photosensitive transistor, and so on. There are many types of optocouplers, including photodiode type, photoelectric transistor type, photoresistor type, photo controlled thyristor type, photoelectric Darlington type, integrated circuit type, etc.

The advantage of using optocoupler devices is that impedance mismatch can be eliminated, and high isolation voltage and excellent noise resistance can be achieved in small package sizes. In addition, optocoupler devices can also be used to transmit DC and AC signals, analog and digital signals, as well as mid to low frequency signals.

The main performance characteristics of optocoupler devices are non-contact, long service life, small size, impact resistance, wide working temperature range, and compliance with industrial and civilian temperature standards. Good isolation performance. The input and output terminals are completely electrically isolated. The insulation resistance is very high. The insulation and voltage resistance can meet the requirements of low-voltage operation. Some high voltage withstand voltages can exceed 1kV, while others can even exceed 10kV. The spectral matching between luminescent and photosensitive devices is ideal, with fast response speed and high transmission efficiency. Easy to connect with logic circuits.

Optical signals are transmitted unidirectionally, with no feedback from the output signal to the input end. This can effectively block electrical connections between circuits or systems, but does not cut off signal transmission between them. Strong resistance to common mode interference, able to effectively suppress interference and eliminate noise, stable and reliable operation. Optical signals are not affected by electromagnetic interference because the input impedance of optocoupler devices is smaller than the impedance of general interference sources. Therefore, the interference voltage of the voltage divider at the input end of optocoupler devices is also very small, and the current it can provide is not large, making it difficult for semiconductor diodes to emit light. Due to the sealed shell of the optocoupler device, it is not affected by external light. In addition, optocoupler devices have large isolation resistance and small isolation capacitance, which can prevent electromagnetic interference caused by circuit coupling.

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